Here are some sites that show how literary scholars are reviving the term poetess. A number of these sites are fairly specialized, but this is a "hot" topic, and I think that you'll benefit from seeing how literary studies is changing as I type! (See these sites for more conventional definitions of the term poetess: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetess
http://www.bartleby.com/68/59/4659.html
http://www.cubanow.net/global/loader.php?&secc=7&cont=show.php&item=569).
The first article, "The Poetess in America," is long but begins with a good definition of the term poetess as it is being revived. The author, Annie Finch, is a poet, translator, and literary scholar.
http://www.ablemuse.com/critique/a-finch_poetess.htm
Here is her website at the University of Southern Maine. She also keeps a blog at this site:
http://www.usm.maine.edu/~afinch/
Here is another academic site, The Poetess Archive, that is edited by literary scholar Laura Mandell. It focuses on English-language poets and the scholars who write about them, but it is not limited to 19th century poets. One poet included here is Sylvia Plath, a confessional poet from the 1950s and 1960s.
http://unixgen.muohio.edu/~poetess/index.html
Prof. Mandell defines the poetess tradition in a detailed essay here. As part of her definition, she considers the extent to which this tradition does or does not include political poetry. She also talks about the distinction between "major" and "minor" poetry.
http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2003/v/n29/007712ar.html
But has the term poetess ever really gone away? See these sites.
http://www.etsu.edu/writing/studentsamlit/plath.htm
http://www.utep.edu/rgr/poetry6.html
And here are some sites on one of the poetesses that Lauren mentioned (Ono no Komachi):
http://www.museum.cornell.edu/HFJ/handbook/hb74.html
http://www.washburn.edu/reference/bridge24/Komachi.html
http://www.classical-japanese.net/Poetry/komachi.html
Here the poetess appears on stage:
http://www.callmekomachi.com/
http://www.sonic.net/~tabine/SAApoem_nikki_noh_fall_2005/saa2005aki_noh_sekiderakomachi.html
For more information about the Indian poetess Mirabai and her work:
http://www.biographyonline.net/spiritual/mirabai.html
http://www.poetseers.org/the_poetseers/mirabai/poems/
http://www.poetseers.org/the_poetseers/mirabai/2/
http://www.poetseers.org/the_poetseers/mirabai/poems3/
http://www.vistarfoundation.org/repertoire.html#mirabai
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