individual works
"The Cask of Amontillado" -- Edgar Allan Poe (published in 1846)
1st person told a long time after the events -- in Italy during the Renaissance -- during Carnival -- in Venice-- Fortunato (the one who was killed) & Montresor (the narrator & the murderer) -- horror story -- Poe was not only a writer but also a critic -- helped shape American literature -- wrote about the impact that a poem or story made -- single effect
https://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/the_cask_of_amontillado.pdf
"The Cigarette" (see handout) -- Marjane Satrapi (published 2004) -- from book-length graphic memoir Persepolis -- story is about the rebellion of the daughter during the Iran/Iraq war in the early 1980s -- cigarette represents rebellion -- narrated by Marjane (the girl once she is an adult) -- takes place in Tehran, the capital of Iran -- graphic literature: graphics give you a guide to the story; story isn't that long, but the pictures are more in-depth -- you can apply techniques to read images to read this story -- panel -- most are the same size, but one about the war is huge (entire page) -- size, drawings, balance between black and white are important -- Persepolis was also a film
"Girl" -- Jamaica Kincaid (1978) -- is it a prose poem or is it flash fiction? -- plot is pretty hidden -- mother is the narrator giving instructions to her daughter -- story takes place in the Caribbean, perhaps on Antigua where the author was born Elaine Cynthia Potter Richardson -- if it's a poem, it's a poem of address -- benna = calypso
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1978/06/26/girl
"The Magic Rabbit" (see handout on Blackboard) -- Catfish McDaris (1990s) -- under 1,000 words -- has a plot/conflict (man vs. self), is in third person, and is about Quick, a poet -- rabbit represents luck or inspiration, compassion, distraction or a weakness -- is Quick a good person, and what does it mean to be a good person?
"A Geronimo Moon" -- Catfish McDaris (early 2000s) -- standard length story (1,031 words) -- a coming of age story -- a horror story-- the narrator (1st person) is going to California with his father--his father is mysteriously killed -- narrator has to decide what to do: go home or go to work -- man vs. self -- asbestos factory
https://literallystories2014.com/2015/06/18/a-geronimo-moon-by-catfish-mcdaris/
"Hammer and Nail" -- Naomi Shihab Nye (1994) -- prose poem -- about friends' visit to the cemetery (probably in another country, another culture) -- they are visiting the grave of one woman's little girl -- language, emotion, experience -- people were buried on top of one another -- prose poems do not have line breaks -- everything flows together, but poems still have language & emotion--they still depict a moment of experience
https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1218&context=prosepoem
"The Canoeing"-- Russell Edson (before 1995) -- prose poem -- Edson was known for surrealistic imagery--like canoeing in a house with salmon leaping up the stairs -- is the speaker on a river? is he/she in a house? is he/she in his/her own mind?
http://www.prose-poems.com/edson.html
"[of a girl, in white]" -- Harryette Mullan (2006) -- prose poem -- free association journeys from "a girl, in white" to a Freudian slip
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/51719/of-a-girl-in-white
"Dim Lady"-- Harryette Mullan (2002) prose poem -- a class exercise -- a rewrite of Shakespeare's Sonnet 130 as a prose poem in contemporary language
Link to poem: http://mail.horacemann.org/~adam_casdin/Poems/dimlady.html
Link to poet reading her poem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPunxHlPSXU
Shakespeare's Sonnet 130 (published 1609--when was it published in manuscript?!) (performed by Alan Hickman) -- is he insulting her? -- sonnet to the Dark Lady-- we don't know who the dark lady is -- turn at the end where he shows he loves & needs her
link to poem: https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/my-mistress-eyes-are-nothing-sun-sonnet-130
link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP06F0yynic&t=1s
Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 (performed by David Tenant; performed by Tom Hiddleston) -- "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day..." -- also sonnet to a young nobleman -- imagery -- turned into a prose poem to handle the poet seeming to talk in riddles because of the sentence structure and word choice
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45087/sonnet-18-shall-i-compare-thee-to-a-summers-day
link to Tenant's performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nD6Of-pwKP4&t=1s
link to Hiddleston's performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6Q_Ioj6AhQ&t=2s
Shakespeare's Sonnet 29 (sung by Rufus Wainwright) -- 14-line poem (rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg) -- "When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes...." -- sonnet to a young nobleman --
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45090/sonnet-29-when-in-disgrace-with-fortune-and-mens-eyes
link to Wainwright's performance:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngk4sRQ2C-Y
"Whoso List to Hunt" -- Sir Thomas Wyatt (before 1536, possibly before 1533) -- early English sonnet & translation of a sonnet by Petrarch -- is this sonnet about Anne Boleyn (the second wife of Henry VIII)? -- Wyatt did land in prison, but he was forgiven -- noli me tangere = do not touch me -- hind = a young, female red deer (three years old or older)
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45593/whoso-list-to-hunt-i-know-where-is-an-hind
link to film about this poem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0RikD6iv_0
Petrarch's Sonnet 3 (trans. A.S. Kline -- 2002) (between 1327 and 1368) -- part of Petrarch's poems to Laura (Canzoniere) -- Petrarch and Laura "met" on Good Friday, the darkest day of the Christian religious calendar -- Petrarch knew of Laura; he did not know her -- was Laura a symbol of love and beauty? -- Kline's translations do not rhyme
http://web.archive.org/web/20061021230439/http://petrarch.petersadlon.com/canzoniere.html?poem=3
Petrarch's Sonnet 294 (trans. Thomas Wentworth Higginson (before 1889); trans. A.S. Kline -- 2002)
"She ruled in beauty..." -- written after Laura's death -- use of anaphora in the last three lines
link to Kline's translation:
http://web.archive.org/web/20050413150700/http://petrarch.petersadlon.com:80/canzoniere.html?poem=294
link to Higginson's translation: http://www.sonnets.org/petrarch.htm#010
Petrarch's Sonnet 312 (trans. A.M. Juster -- 2001; trans. A.S. Kline-- 2002) -- anaphora -- negative -- also after Laura's death
link to Juster's translation: http://www.amjuster.net/blog/2015/9/18/312
link to Kline's translation:
http://web.archive.org/web/20050411084541/http://petrarch.petersadlon.com:80/canzoniere.html?poem=312
"the rites for Cousin Vit" by Gwendolyn Brooks (1950) -- Italian/Petrarchan sonnet -- according to Marilyn Hacker, this form figures in Brooks' book Annie Allen -- speaker is not the poet -- in memory -- is in memory of a vital woman, a woman perhaps of loose morals, perhaps different from the speaker but maybe not -- this poem imagines the resurrection of Cousin Vit
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/51983/the-rites-for-cousin-vit
"My Last Duchess" by Robert Browning -- (1842) (read by James Mason -- he glided through the line breaks) -- rhyming couplets, iambic pentameter, dramatic monologue, Duke of Ferrara shows painting of his late wife to an envoy from the father of the woman he wants to marry -- ironically, this marriage to the second wife seems to have been compatible -- first wife probably died from TB but this poem made people assume that she had been poisoned
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43768/my-last-duchess
link to reading by Mason: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZbNrNE9q8g
"Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" by Dylan Thomas (1951) (read by poet himself; read by Sir Anthony Hopkins) -- villanelle (song-like qualities, repeating lines) -- about poet's father who was dying -- poet was in late 30s when he wrote the poem -- uses repetition & imagery -- later poets said that Thomas didn't always make sense, was more about the sound -- poet was also known for his readings
link to poem: https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/do-not-go-gentle-good-night
link to reading by Thomas: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mRec3VbH3w
link to reading by Hopkins: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIfK809B0Qs&t=2s
"One Art" by Elizabeth Bishop (before 1979) (read by Miranda Otto in a movie about Bishop) -- villanelle -- very different tone from Thomas -- personal poem but Bishop is wary of disclosing personal details -- written about a female partner --written towards the end of her life -- went through many revisions -- https://helensquared.wordpress.com/2010/05/18/tuesday-poem-one-art-elizabeth-bishop/ -- Bishop was known for her revisions -- wrote very few poems in her life
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/47536/one-art
link to Miranda Otto's performance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ST2mOE4d7Pg
"Those Winter Sundays" by Robert Hayden (before 1966) -- (read by poet himself -- watched video of the poem) -- free verse -- 14-lines -- relationship with his dad -- imagery -- know that his father was a working man -- repetition
link to poem: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/46461/those-winter-sundays
link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiZnt5ZL4Xk
"Crusoe in England" by Elizabeth Bishop (before 1979) (dramatic monologue/persona poem) (read by Elizabeth Bishop) -- Crusoe was stuck on an island for 29 years -- he is fictional, based on Alexander Selkirk -- Crusoe is a character in Daniel Defoe's famous novel -- depressed tone -- a lot of repetition -- Bishop is a woman writing in a man's voice/from a man's perspective -- free verse -- focus on his emotional response (wouldn't get in a short story)
link to poem and reading by poet: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/48287/crusoe-in-england
"M. Degas Teaches Art and Science, Durfee Intermediate School, Detroit 1942" by Philip Levine (1989) (read by Philip Levine, the poet himself) -- places French artist in working-class Detroit middle school -- speaker is a kid who is in M. Degas' class -- teacher draws a line on the blackboard and asks class what he is doing -- students guess (Freddie, Gertrude Bimmler, Louis Warshowsky) what he's doing -- "separate the dark from the dark" -- free verse -- slice of life
link to poem and reading by poet: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:RFbPQjdG6nIJ:https://www.ibiblio.org/ipa/poems/levine/m._degas_teaches_art_and_science_at_durfee_intermediate_school--detroit1942.php+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=safari
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